Telegraph transmitter



Dec. 14, 1943. w J N R 2,336,910

cu INVENTOR. WALTER J. ZENNER ATTORNEY.

FIG. I

Dec. 14, 1943. w ZENNER 2,336,910

TELEGRAPH TRANSM I TTER Filed Aug. 15, 1942 Y 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. WALTER J. ZENNER Patented Dec. 14-, 19 33 iJNl'i'ED STATES arcane .L ATENT OFFICE TELEGRAPH TRANSMITTER Walter J. Zcnncr, Des Plaincs, Ill., assignor to Teletype Corporation, Chicago, 111., a corpora tion of Delaware 5 Claims.

The present invention relates to printing telegraph systems and apparatus and more particularly to apparatus for transmitting monopulse isochronous code signals.

The principal object of the invention is to provide apparatus including circuits for translating permutation code signals into monopulse isochronous cede signals.

In accordance with the present invention, permutation code signals are transmitted under the control of tape transmitters, and are received by a plurality of receiving relays equal in number to the elements comprising the code being translated. The receiving relays control contacts arranged according to a fan circuit, whereby circuits are prepared to segments of a rotary brushtype distributor of a monopulse transmitter. Upon the operation of the distributor, translation into the desired signal conditions is effected.

More specifically, the principle involved in the adaptation of a brush-type distributor to monopulse isoehronous code signal transmission is that when the brush arm leaves the stop segment, the line current becomes zero, thus initiating the nocurrent or spacing portion of the monopulse code signal. Then, when the brush reaches the conditioned energized segment corresponding to the character to be printed, an impulse is generated which energ zes a magnet which looks up,

and in looking up, it applies continuous current to the signal line for the remainder of the revolution c the brush, thus providing the marking current portion of the monopulse code signal, irrespective of the condition of the remaining segments on the distributor.

A more complete understanding of the foregoing objects and features of the invention may be had from the following description, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein,

Fig. 1 represents a schematic circuit having en bodied therein the principles of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a graphical representation of a signal of the monopulse type employed in operating printers of the class disclosed in U. S. Patent No. 2,147,075, issued February 14, 1939, to W. J. Zenner; and

Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit of another form of the present invention.

Monopulse signal may be composed of current and no-current signal conditions, and as may be understood by referring to 2, the transmission. of monopulse signals of the type contemplate-:1 herein involves the interruption of a normal line condition for a measured interval which is initiated at a point definite with respect to each transmission cycle and is continued until the rotating brush arm of a transmitting distributor has attained a position in the cycle which corre sponds to and is identified with the particular character transmitted. At the termination of this impulse, a line current condition is restored as indicated at the character W in Fig. 2. Normal line current is maintained thereafter until the arrival of the succeeding start instant, when, if a succeeding character is in readiness for transmission, another line interruption is thereat repeated. The alternative (normal and character impulses) line conditions may, if preferred, be comprised of positive and negative signals, or they may be comprised of either polarity of current as one line condition with no-current as the alternative line condition. Variations of signaling practice along these lines are not inconsistent with the structural principles disclosed in the present invention.

Having reference to Fig. l, the transmitting arrangement involves a tape transmitter H, indicated schematically in the drawing. Tape transmitter Ii comprises a plurality of transmi ting contacts l2 (six in the present embodiment), which are connected by conductors l3 to a corresponding plurality of storing relays M, IE, it, ll, l8, and i9. Each storing relay I4 to i9 is provided with an operating winding 2| and a holding winding 22. When the transmitting contacts 12 are closed in response to the sensing of perforations in the tape, circuits for the operating winding of the storing relays M to 19 are completed from positive battery, through the operating windings 21 or the respective storing relays to be operated, thence over conductors 53 associated with said relays, through the respective contacts 12, thence over the bus bar 23 and conductor 24, through contact 25 associated with a cam operated contact controller 26, to ground. Upon operation of the storing relays M to it, their armatures will be attracted to close their associated contacts. Among these armatures, there is associated with each storing relay, an armature 21, which, when attracted, closes its associated contact 28. Looking circuits for the operated storing relays M to H! are completed from positive battery, through the locking windings 22 of the operated storing relays [4 to is, through contact 28 (now closed), over armature 21, over conductor 29, through contact 3! (now closed) to ground. Contacts 25 and 3! are cam controlled through the instrumentality of contrcller is located in the tape transmitter H. The timing of the operation of contacts and 3! is such that contact 25 is normally closed while the tape transmitter is idle (or in the stop position), when shortly aft r the initiation of operation the energizing circuits for the operating windings of the selected or operated storing relays id to H9 have been established, and when the relays id to 59 have been operated, the cam (not shown) in the tape transmitter operates the controller 25 to close the contact 3! and then open the contact 25 so that when the locking contact 28 has been closed, the circuit will be completed through contact 3!. Also located in the tape transmitter ii is another cam controlled contact 32, Which is operated by a cam controlled arm 33. The function of this contact will be described hereinafter.

The tape transmitter it through the instrumentality of its storing relays Hi to E9 controls through a fan circuit, indicated generally as 35, the conditioning of a plurality of segments on a rotary brush-type distributor, indicated generally as 36. The principle involved in the adaptation of a brushetype distributor 36 to monopulse isochronous code signal transmission as already indicated is that when the brush arm 3'! leaves the stop segment 38 and traverses the start segment 39, the line current becomes zero, thus initiating the no-current or spacing portion of the monopulse signal. Then, when the brush reaches the conditioned or'energized segment corresponding to the character to be transmitted, as determined by the setting of the tape transmitter i I, through the fan circuit 35, an impulse is generated which energizes a magnet H (as will presently appear), which looks up and controls continuous current on a signal line connected to the transmitter through jack $2 for the remainder of the revolution of the brush arm, thus providing the marking current portion of the monopulse code signal irrespective of the condition of the succeeding segments on the distributor 3.6.

General operation In its stop or unoperated position, the stop magnet 63 of the brush-type distributor is de-energized and hence the stop arm is spring held in its clockwise position to block the movement of brush arm 3?, and to hold the brush it in contactual engagement with stop segment Preparator to transmission of signals the plug 36 is inserted in the jack 4! to connect the transmitter to battery Or source of current and to the signal line. ihe line is indicated by the self closing jack 42, and the receiving instrument may be connected to this jack 42. In this position of brush arm 3'5, cur rent is applied to the signal line through jack 42 from battery, over conductor it, through variable resistor as, through the upper terminal of jack 42, through the selector magnet if a receiving device (not shown), back through the lower terminal of jack 52, then through the upper terminal of jack ll, through the plug 26, thence through the winding of relay 4!, over conductor 5!, through stop segment 38 and brush 35, over brush arm 3? and through brush 52, through ring 53, over conductors and thence through plug it, the lower terminal of jack ll to negative battery. The receiving printer associated with the line jack "22 may be of the type shown in U. SJFatent No. 2,147,075. Such a condition of the signaling line is the normal,

idling condition of the telegraph line wherein the condition is said to be marking; that is, with current on the line. In this condition, the relay 4! remains ener ized over the afore-described circuit which divides at the juncture and extends through contact 32, the purpose of which will be presently described. Moreover, under the conditions of the apparatus just described,

the armature 5! of relay M is attracted and remains in this position to close the contact 5?, which at this time, however, has no effect, but the purpose of which will later appear.

To begin transmission of monopulse isochrcnous code signals under the control of tape per.- forated according to a permutation code, the perforated tape is inserted in the transmitter H in well-known manner, and a manually controlled switch 59 is operated to close the circuit of the start magnet 23 to cause the armature id to remain attracted, thus disengaging the armature from the brush arm 3?. The bru-harm 37 is driven by the operating shaft of the brush-type distributor 353 through the instrumentality of a friction clutch in well-known manner, and at the same time a stepping action is imparted to the tape transmitter it. Also, contact controlling arms 25 and 33 are cyclically operated, and the timing of the closure of their associated contacts 25, 35, and 32 is such as to efiect the appropriate operation of the transmitting system.

For the purpose of illustration it will be assumed that it is desired to transmit the character A. In accordance with the system disclosed in Fig. l, the tape sensing pins (not shown) will encounter permuted arrangements of perforations in the tape, which will cause the closure of contacts l2 (corresponding to the code combination for the character A) associated with storing relays M, It, ll, l8, and it, which will become energized over the previously described circuit including cam controlled contact 25, and as soon as the storing relays become energized, a cam will swing the arm 25 so as to close contact 3i and then open contact whereupon locking circuits for the respective storing relays will be completed by the closure of their contacts 28. In timed relation with the foregoing operation, the brush arm 3? is rotated so as to move the brush to off of the stop 33 and on to the start segment Since the segment E9 is a dead segment, the 1"" circuit condition will be changed from a mar ing to a spacing or no-current condition, and this latter condition will exist until the brush contacts a charged or energized segment, as will presen ly appear. Also, before the brush has reached the first segment 5%, the contact 32 will be controlled by a cam (not shown) actin upon the arm 33, thus closing the Contact 32 and that portion of a locking circuit for relay M which will be presently traced. By the energization of the storing relays M, 16, H, 952, and it, the armatures associated therewith will be operated to close their associated contacts, thus preparing the fan circuit 35 for the transmission of he monopulse code signal for the character A.

In the embodiment of the invent-'= in Fig. l, the storing relay it aesociated with an auxiliary relay :2 for the purpose of taking the load of great number of armatures oil the relay It is, therefore, understood that th armatures associated with the magnet or relay can be associated directly with relay i l. Therefore, to

effect the operation of the armatures asso iated with the auxiliary relay t2 the armature 63 is associated with relay i l, so that upon the energization or operation of relay is, the armature 53 will be operated to close its contact to com-- plete a circuit for the er. r n of ma net $2 from negative battery through armature ontact t l, over conductor thence through the brush engages the segment identified with the character A the folio ing circ 7 completed: From positive battery, over c 48, through variable istcr throng member of jack 12, the recording Lachines cluctors es through to negative battery.

At the instant of traversal of brush segment 55, upon the consequ nt cc: of the aioredescribed circuit, relay oi v energized. and attract its armature 1 contact whereupon a locking circu t 41 will be completed from positive bat conductor 33,. through resistor throu n 42, including the line circuit and 1 receiving apparatus, and retui .ing throu h is. l 42 and continuing through jacl: ll through winding of the relay 5 through a ture 57 and contact then over conductor through cont ct 32, over cont ct arin conductor over conductor through plug 45 and jack st to negative h t Through the instrumentality of relay ti and its lockin circuit, which becomes eiiectively operated selected segmen 56 is traversed, the signa ing line will remain an energized or arking condi tion to produce the definitive impulse of the monopulse isochronous code signal. the brush arm 3i continues its rotat' baclz to the stop segment 38 in readiness to in date anoth r ticn for the transmission of a succeed. acter.

It will now be assumed that is desired to transmit the character "When the El combination is to be transmitted, the tape transmitter will sense the coded perforations in the tape coresponding to haracter 1-1, and corresponding contacts 52 will he closed, which, according to the p esent embodiment, will effect the operat'on of i3, and. it. As

the storing relays 5 3, the distributor crush arm ag,. -n begins rotation in the new cycle for the trans iission oi the character ll he brush 5 will pass ofi the stop segment onto the start se cent thus breaking energizing circuit for the relay ti and releasing armature 57 therefrom. At any time during the travesal of brush 45 over the stop segment 38, the contact 32 will be opened by its control cam to break the locking circuit for the relay l thus rendering the locking circuit ineffective. During the traversal or" brush 35 over the latter portion of start segment 39, contact 32 will again be closed, thus preparing the locking circuit for magnet ii Relay Lil will remain deenergized until the brush d5 engages the segment identified with the character H. Thus, a spacing or no-current condition is established on the signaling line representative of the starting or nocurrent portion of the mono-pulse isochronous code signal for the character E. Upon the operation of storing relays l5, l5, l3, and I9, and their consequent locking up, their armatures will be attracted to prepare through fan circuit 35 a path to the segment 35 representative of the character as follows: From positive battery, over conductor through potentiometer 45, through jack 52 and over the line through the interconnected receiving apparatus and back through jack 52. over jack ll, through plug 53, through the winding of relay 4!, thence over conductors 5i, S1, 38, 58, over armature II, through contact '52 (now closed), over armature 73, through contact 74 (now closed), over conductor 8% (which lay-passes armature is which was not attracted due to the fact that storing relay ll is not operated), thence over armature 8?, through contact 83 (now closed), thence over conductors 38, over armature SH, through contact 92 (now closed), then over conductor 93, over conductor 94 (the armature 95 of relay being by-passe. at this time). thence through the segment representing character H, through the brush 25 (now in contact or engagement with segment 85), over brush through brush 52, through ring then over conductors 54 and and through plug and jack 4?, to negative battery. As previously indicated in connection with transmission of the character A, the relay fill will become energized at the instant of traversal of brush over segment to pull up its armature 5'5 and close its contact 53, thus cornpleting the locking circuit for relay .5, as previously described, over conductors 83 and 8 and through contact so long as contact 32 remains closed, which is during substantially the entire rotation of the brush arm 3?, except for that period when the brush 15 traverses the start segment 39, at which time the contact 32 will be opened momentarily to break the locking circuit for the relay ll preparatory to the transmission of a succeedin monopulse code signal.

One of the important features of applicants invention is the provision of a fan circuit wherein each of the armatures of the relays control only one contact instead of two, as in prior circuits, which construction is made possible by applicants novel method of transmitting monopulse code signals of the type diagrammatically shown in Fig. 2. According to applicants arrangement, certain of the armature contacts are icy-passed, and one or more of the segments corresponding to segments 6i, and 6E, rr v be conditioned simultaneously upon the opic-n of the storing relays to is, but only the segment encountered by the brush 55 in its rotation will be effective to complete the monopulse code signal, since due to the operation of e relay ii, the marking signal is impressed on e line independently of the further traversal of the br sh over succeeding segments in the cycle of rotation.

A further feature of the invention consists of superadding to a fan circuit according to a fiveunit code, a portion of a fan circuit derived from a six-unit code thus increasing the selective possibilities of the system without necessitating the extensive wiring incident to a six-unit code fan circuit. In accordance with this arrangement, the armature ll of storing relay i9 is connected by conductors 6t and d? to armature 9.8. Consequently, armatures lei, its, and tilt constitute an auxiliary group under the control of armature ll, wherein the six-unit code is employed.

Therefore, if the character W is to be transmitted to the line, the storing relays i l, l5, and 55 will come operated under the control of the perforated tape controlled contacts 52, to establish a circuit through the segment it? identified with the character W, from positive battery over conductor Q3, through resistor through the jack then over the line to return to jack 52, through jack ll and plug 4%, thence through the winding of relay til, over conductors 56, ill, and 9?, then over armature 98, through contact (now closed), over conductor i236, over armature Edi, through conctact we (now closed), over conductor i533, over armature ltd, through con: tact i 38 (now closed), then through segment Eel, through brush (in contact with the segment identified with the character W), then over brush 3 1', through brush 52, through ring 53, over conductors l and 55, through plug and jack ll, to negative battery. Upon the establishof t circuit, the relay ti will become energized, consequently locks up through its contact and contact 352, as previously described. If the character I"; is selected for transmission, relay will not be energized. Then the armatu:e Mi l will be released and contact [@8 will be opened and the character X will be printed in.- stead of the character W, because the circuit just described is by-passed around the contact H38.

Modification A modified form of the present invention is circuit ixdicated generally as 22, and a rotary distributor indicated generally as F23. The tape transmitter Mi comprises a plurality of transmitting contacts i2 5 (six in the instant embodiment), which are connected by conductors E to the windings of a corresponding plurality of relays lZEE; to Q35. When the transmitting contacts are closed in response to the sensing of a perforation in the tape, circuits for the win-dings of the storing relays E25 to l3l are completed *oin positive battery, over the bus bar of the transmitter 52%, tlrough those contacts 512: v. .ch are closed due to the sensing or finding of a perforation in the tape, then over the conductors throug the windings of the operating or storing relays E25 to iBl, to negative battery. As will presently appear, circuits will be closed in accordance with the operation of the storing relays iZt to itl, from negative battery, over conductor through selected series of contacts associated with the storing relays i283 to til, then through cable is? to a segment on the brush type distributor i223 corresponding to the circuit completed upon the permuted operation of storing relays I26 to iii. The locking circuits for the storing relays i255 to 53% may, of course, be controlled in the manner shown in Fig. 1.

Iii)

assaeio In this embodiment of the invention, the brush type distributor E3 is provided with segmented rings lei; and lS'i, and continuous rings ltd and The brush arm it! of the distributor i225 carries a plurality of brushes M2, MS, Hi l, and Hill, of which brushes i 52 and lat are connected together, and Hi l and M5 are connected together, the pairs being insulated from each other. Ring E38 of distributor I23 is connected by a conductor M6 to the signal line lt'l, to which, at the remote station, is connected a printing apparatus is? having a receiving magnet Such printing apparatus may be of the type shown in U. S. Patents Nos. 2,147,675 and 2,181,708. Also connected to the conductor Mt, over conductor E55, is the winding of a relay m2. Relay E52 is provided with an armature which is cor nected to the line wire l l'l. Associated with the armature E53 is a contact 854 which is connected over conductor E55 to ring lid of the distributor 523.

In the circuit shown in Fig. 3, the brush arm Ml is shown with the brushes resting on the stop segm nt The brush arm HE is adapted to be held in this position through the instrumentality of a stop magnet (not shown) similar to the arrangement shown in Fig. 1. With the brush is! stopped in this position, current is normally supplied to the line hill from negative battery, over conductor 55?, through stop segment through brushes and through ring 538, over conductors and l l through the winding of the receiving magnet of the remote printing apparatus, to positive battery. A circuit is also completed from negative battery, over conductor it], through stop segment E55, through brushes and i 33, ring E35, conductor Hit and 555, through winding of the relay 552 to positive battery. Relay thus is energized and attracts its armature it to holthe contact E54 closed.

Assuming that it is desired to transit mono-pulse code signal for the character B the code combination of which is performed in the tape, the tape transmitter upon sensing said code combination will close its contact lZ-l associated with the storing relay 525 ortdy. Thus,

ll ;e previously described energizing circuit for storing relay i will be completed, and upon ener gization, all of the contacts ltd of the relay will be opened. Then, when the brush arm rotates so that its brush Hi2 comes into contact with the segment 55! corresponding to the character B, a circuit will be completed from negative battery, over conductor E33, conductor then through contacts H33, i5 4, E65, it'd, till, then over conductor E58 (which extends through the cable lid) to the segment it! of the ring through brushes i 12 and ring i238, conductors Hi5 and 55, through the winding of relay 552 to positive battery. Relay 5.52 was previously deenergized when the brush Hi2 passed on the stop segment lfifi and on to the start segment iii which is a dead segment; that is, it is not connected to any source of current. This broke the circuit for the relay i522, previously described, causing its armature E53 to be released and a contact 55% to be opened. Now, when the presently described circuit was completed, the relay 652 was re-energized. After the brush i i-2 leave. the stop segment i553, the circuit over the signal line it? becomes broken and remains broken until the brush Hi2 reaches or contacts the first energized segment of the segmented ring which in the present instance is the segment lGl identifled with the character B. The relay I 52 now becomes energized and remains so by virtue of its locking circuit extending from negative battery, over segment iBi, brushes Md and M5, ring I40, conductor I55, through contact I55, over armature I53, then over conductors IE9, I46 and Isl, and then through the winding of relay E? to positive battery, thus putting marking current on the line Idl irrespective of the condition of the remaining segments I 35 traversed.

When it is desired to transmit the character A, none of the storing relays I26 to I3! will be energized. Thus, since all of the contacts lei] associated with relay I26 and similar contacts of relays I 21 to I3I are all closed, a circuit will be completed from negative battery over conductor I33, through contacts I69 of all the storing relays IZG to I3I, then over conductor I'IZ, which extends through cable I34 and connects with the segment A of the ring I3 5.

The relay circuit I22 is arrange-cl to operate in accordance with the following code wherein the storing relays I26 to I3! are identified as code elements I to 5, respectively:

Rcla ys energized Character 0. Nos. 1 and 3"...

Nos. Nos. 1, 2, and inn Nos. 3 and Nos. 1 Nos. Nos. 1, 2, Fl, and in, N0. 5

Nos. 1 and 5 Nos. 2 and. 5 r l l Nos. 1, 2, and 5 Nos. 3 and 5a.,

Nos. 1, 3. and

Nos. 2, 3, and 5.

Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 5 Nos. 4- and 5 Nos. 1, 4, and

Nos. 2, 4, am

Nos. 1, 2, 4, :1

Nos. 3. l, and

Nos. 1,3, 4, a

Nos. 2,3,4,a

Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4,

Nos. 1 and 6 Nos. 2 and 6 In the event that it is desired to employ the well-known Eaudot code, the only change that would result would be a rearrangement of the characters allotted to the segments I35; for example, in the form of Baudot permutation code generally employed in the telegraphic art, the letter E would be substituted for B in the above table; D would become A: B would become B, etc. ihe arrangement adopted herein predicated on the arrangement of keys in the keyboard transmitter shown in U. S. Patent No. 2,173,147 issued September 19, 1939 to W. J. Zenner.

Although it will be noted that with this arrangement of circuit more than one circuit will be prepared for each setting of the relays, nevertheless, in accordance with the theory of the monopulse code signal transmission, only the first prepared circuit which is encountered by the traversal of the brush I42 over the segment I35 included in that circuit will be completed to put current on the signal line, and such marking current will remain on the line due to the energization of relay I52. Therefore, if the brush I42 should pass over other segments which are in the circuits of other prepared circuits, there would be no effect because of the fact that marking current is held on the line from and after the time the first charged segment is encountered.

Although the present invention has been described in connection with certain specific embodiments thereof, it is understood that other equivalent arrangements are contemplated, and that the present invention is limited only by the range and scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a signal transmission system, a rotary distributor comprising a plurality of segments and an itinerant seeker operable thereover, a record sensing device, a plurality of circuits, each corresponding to one of said segments, means for preparing said ircuits individually under the control of said sensing device, means for initia ing the rotation of said seeker to produce the character selecting impulse of a monopulse isochronous ccde signal, and means eiiective upon the traversal of said seeker over the segment in a prepared circuit to establish the definitive impulse of said code signal irrespective of the condition of the segments further traversed.

2. In a signal transmission system, a rotary distributor comprising a plurality of segments and an itinerant seeker operable thereover, record sensing device, a plurality of storing relays, contacts associated with said relays in a predetermined order of pro resssion, a plurality of circuits, each corresponding to one of said segments and including pred termined ones of said contacts in series with its corresponding segment, means for preparing said circuits individually under the control of said sensing device, means for initiating rotation of said seeker to produce the character selecting impulse of a monopulse isochronous code signal, and means effective upon the traversal of said seeker over the segment in a prepared circuit to establish the definitiv impulse of said code signal irrespective of the condition of the segments further traversed.

3. In a signal transmission system, a rotary distributor comprising a plurality of segments and an itinerant seeker operable thereover, a record sensing device, a plurality of storing relays, contacts associated with said relays in a -redetermined order of progression, a plurality of circuits, each corresponding to one of said segments and including predetermined ones of said contacts in series with its corresponding segment, means for preparing said circuits individually under the control of said sensing device, means for initiating rotation of said seeker to produce the spacing portion of a monopulse isochronous code signal, and means efiective upon the engagement of said seeker with the segment of the first prepared circuit ncountered to establish and maintain the marking portion of said code signal irrespective of the condition of the segments further traversed.

4. In a signal transmission system, a rotary distributor cornprisirr a plurality of segments and an itinerant seeker operable thereover, a record sensing device, a. plurality of circuits, each corresponding to one of said segments, means for preparing said circuits individually under the control of said sensing device, means for initiating he rotation of said seeker to produce the spacing portion 'of a monopulse isolchronous code signal, and means effective upon the engagement of said seeker with the segment of the first prepared circuit encountered to establish and maintain the marking portion of said code signal irrespective of the condtiion of the segments further traversed.

5. In a signal translating system, a permutation code sensing device, a-transmitter for sending isochronous monopulse code signals, said transmitter comprising a rotary distributor having a plurality of segments and an itinerant seeker operable thereover, a permutation code Iii sensing device, a plurality of circuits, each corresponding to one of said segments, means for preparing said circuits individually under control of said sensing device, means for initiating the rotation of said seeker to produce the character selecting impulse of a monopulse isochronous code signal, and means effective upon the traversal of said seeker over the segment in a prepared circuit to establish the definitive impulse of said monopulse code signal irrespective of the condition of the segments further traversed.

WALTER J. ZENNER. 

